First approach:
November 2020
Edmundo Resenos
Daniel Pineda Domínguez, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Berta Madrigal Torres, Universidad de Guadalajara
José Guadalupe Gaxiola López, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Alicia González Luna, Universidad de Occidente
Carlos Fernández Collado, Instituto Politécnico Nacional
María de los Ángeles Cervantes Rosas, Universidad de Occidente
Rosalba Madrigal Torres, Universidad de Guadalajara
NEGATIVE INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL
“Intellectual capital” (IC, “Human capital”, are terms commonly used in social sciences theories of and technologies, specifically those related to the administration, as the element, system or factor of importance of multiple results from organizations, formal (Rosińska-Bukowska. 2019) and informal communities of the human being; (IC) is an holistic concept of human system that encompasses, intelligences, memories, abilities, skills, competences, know how; and, complex combinations of appreciations and measurement, quantity and quality, from the levels of production of goods or services, tangibles or intangibles, of the people acting on various social strata, as generators of all kinds, of actions and creations. IC (Resenos, Pineda, Madrigal, Gaxiola, Fernández, González, and Cervantes. 2019), It also refers to the person or human group dedicated to study, to critical reflection on reality, to communicate, share their dreams, ideas, with the aim of supporting and achieving in it, a certain status of authority before public opinion coming from the social, economic, natural, ecology and cultural stratifications and typifications, as creator, generator or mediator, to give an opinion on one or other values (Link, and Cui. 2019). Human intellectual capital is an element or human system of high complexity, sophistication, multidimensionality, almost ethereal, difficult to visualize or feel; that is perceived by its interactions processes, effects, functions, and results, without frontier or noticeable, definable dimensions.
It seems that the mission of the IC has to do with the creation of everything that does not exist in the nature around it (Resenos, et al. 2019). Recent aspects include one of America’s education and cooperation adventures in most world countries, e.g. in the Middle East region.
In the U.S., Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM) “cooperation” strengthens our international relationships, because these disciplines are based on values that transcend gender.
International education exchange programs in STEM are encouraged particularly for women to develop STEM.
In recent years, the Government of Israel recognized the need to reach the Arab-Israeli and Haredi (ultra-religious) communities to address the future shortage of jobs in the high-tech sector in order to continue its leadership in technology and entrepreneurship.
Networks to enhance their careers. Also, science and technology cooperation between the U.S. and Middle East could foster a global environment where innovation, invention, and industry can thrive.
For example, a well-known account of the Israeli high tech start-up culture is found in the 2009 book by Senor and Singer, entitled Start Up Nation provides valuable lessons for both men and women. No one can dispute the entrepreneurial success of Israel, but even as the most innovative (per capita) nation, Israel is faced with economic challenges for the future.
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Successfully addressing these challenges can provide guidance for other nations that strive for equality and an increase in the STEM workforce pool.
In recent years, the Israeli Government recognized the need for reaching out to the Arab-Israeli and Haredi (ultra-religious) communities to address future job shortages in the high tech sector in order to continue its leadership in technology and entrepreneurship.
Both populations are growing at a faster rate than secular Jewish Israelis, yet both remain under-represented in STEM. (Can Science Diplomacy Advance? (Carolyn H. Garfein AAUW President Linda D. Hallman AAUW Executive Director).
Negative Intellectual Capital (Figure 1) is a conceptual scheme of the contrast and coexistence between positive IC versus negative intellectual capital (NIC), it allows us to appreciate that these studies refer to one of the many contradictions that coexist in the human being; the positive IC that exalts the existence of man, and the negative intellectual capital (NIC) is the one that denigrates the existence of human beings on the planet (Rosińska-Bukowska. 2019)
The NIC refers to the destruction, annihilation of the nature that surrounds it, and denigrates itself; generates dazzling, deceptive processes to infect and recruit IC human beings, in order to cultivate, practice, develop, and increase the actions, processes, customs and rituals that transform them into humans with NIC. In this way, the number or quantity of the population is gradually increased from point “0” where the positive zone of the IC begins from that same point “0” is born, or the zone of the NIC of the other human groups victims of seduction begins, contagion, corrosion, perversion, destruction and annihilation of everything that exists in natural and human creation and even the NIC itself.
Perhaps, the conditions for carrying out human actions that are considered positive and negative, began together since certain apes or primates continued to evolve until the arrival of homo sapiens, “Lucy”, evolution continues until the current human being; and that it took 3,200,000,000 years, approximately; so that natural evolution (Johanson, Donald C ,; W, Tim D .; Coppens, Yves (1978) and that induced by humans, continue, with their own participation, unconsciously or consciously, accompanied by stimuli intentional, those that have accelerated and provided new expectations and diverse possibilities of bold orientations of the transformations, some questionable, whose study has been carried out and concentrated on the problem of social organizations with structuralism and morphological methods, making interesting scientific and technological contributions, creative in search of social equilibrium and human coexistence, developed and advanced, and that still require greater efforts of all kinds, for their operation and administration..
It is probable that the distances between the IC and NIC and the potentialities of high cultural content can be characterizing the insensitive deviations or slight erosions of the structures that dignify humans in their individual and collective behavior, such as cooperation, the beneficial, emotionality, and equity, social hierarchies, from IC (Borlea; Achim and Rus. 2019) to negative intellectual capital (NIC). They are behaviors that are negatively directed at other members of the organization and at the organization itself (Griffin and O’Leary-Kelly).
Negative intellectual capital’s human behaviors.
A culture with a greater distance from power is a society with ambiguities, deficiencies, insufficiencies, ideological, philosophical, solid, mature weaknesses; with hierarchies characterized by nepotism and favoritism in which superiors provide NIC some favors to subordinates or “clients”, awaiting the “returns” of their loyalty, in a cloudy environment, contaminated by the negative symbiosis between the authorities and the “clients” or subordinates of IC, which gradually erode the levels of trust-distrust in the legal system, biopolitics, Governmentality, civic commitments, through “cooperation”, “compliance”, “incentives”, “stimuli” “ecology” “environment”, “sustantibillity” (Lagoarde-Segotost, 2020; Ollinaho, 2020); “Stimuli” or “incentives”, most of the time misleading towards people in exchange for obtaining easy and immediate public benefits, misleading, uncertain (Radulescu, 2016); in exchange for carrying out “in this case” or, “for this time”, the “customary”, “the novelty” of the NIC, ranging from the naively bad to the unbelievable and wickedly evil.
Also like this, the natural, social, economic and political; tangible and intangible, existing environments on the planet are being transformed and dirty natural, social, economic and political, existing on the planet, with unexpected and indeterminate socially negative results that social communities reject as unacceptable, given that they are not trustworthy in the legality, the formality of the future systematic exercise; Because, people with positive intellectual capital (IC), the happiest, and also, the most prone to act honestly, because in them the low level, with a higher level of religiosity, less preference for monetary wealth,
With these behaviors, the environments natural, social, economic and political, tangible and intangible existing on the planet are also transformed and dirty;
With negative, socially unexpected and indeterminate results that the communities reject as unacceptable, given that they are not reliable due to their doubtful legality, formality and future acceptance; Due to the fact that people with positive intellectual capital (IQ), the happiest and also the most likely to act honestly because, generally, they tend to be more religious and less likely of monetary wealth; They prefer wealth from the arts, sciences, technologies; their self-realization.
On the other hand, people with NIC, in general, have a higher level of association with corruption; not so, with regard to genuine cultural levels. In a way, this could partially explain (Wang. 2011), because poor countries face the highest level of corruption (Vega. 2019), people suffer a lot from poverty, educational opportunities, high levels unemployment, insecurity, limited culture; in this way is prone to a corrupt lifestyle, and the conditions arise so that corruption societies whose members are located in various social strata, cunning use black money, national and international, to support their lifestyles, procedures, instruments, to pervert humanity
NIC components
It is considered that the components of NIC emerge spontaneously and unconsciously, in moments of absence and ignorance of good and bad or any criteria; only the survival instinct it evolves in unison with humanity, from zero to infinity; gradually its effects give account of its existence and causes; faintly damaging, corrosive, imperceptible; even deadly annihilating, from zero to infinity; in an enunciatively and conventional way, the following components are mentioned: corruption, predation, drug addiction, rape, impunity, slavery, murder, robbery, exploitation, illicit enrichment (black money). (Resenos, et. al. 2019), Generally, this imperceptible sliding from IC to NIC lacks censors, its increase is silent, subtle like that of cancer in humans, it is detected until it transforms people´s behavior into something terrible, highly harmful and criminal, such as the manifestations of the cancer causing, deadly advanced tumors incurable. Criminal conduct is the result of the unique interweaving of the components of the NIC.
Corruption.
Refers to improper acts carried out by public officials, who violate, mock or receive money, for ignoring the rules and rights that limit the exercise of their functions of official authority assigned and legally entrusted by the regulations of the State, and the rationality, morality, dignifying principles and customs of societies (Hernández, 2018).
Faced with the global problem that corruption generates, in 1993 Transparency International (TI) was founded as a non-governmental organization (NGO) at the initiative of Germany, based in Berlin; groups and operates in more than 70 countries, with more than 100 delegations in the fight against crime and corruption TI.
On October 31, 2003, the United Nations General Assembly decided to proclaim December 9 to be the International Day against Corruption (UN). Transparency International decided to exhibit the most serious cases in the world.
“Twenty-five years ago, corruption was seen as the price tag for doing business and it was so deeply ingrained that exposing and fighting it was seen as useless and even harmful”. We now live in a different world: citizens, the media and politicians in all regions actively condemn abuses of power. Such a change in attitude is due in part to exposure from past scandals and their consequences (Anti money laundering, 2020).
A list was compiled of some of the biggest corruption scandals in the last 25 years that inspired widespread public condemnation, overthrew governments and sent people to prison. These scandals involve politicians from all political parties and the highest reaches of government, large amounts of bribery and money laundering of epic proportions (Anti Money Laundering, 2020). As a result of these scandals, some governments and international organizations committed, implemented anti-corruption reforms; in some cases, they recovered losses.
Although much progress has been made to improve public administration, it has also been possible to increase the civic awareness of public officials and private commercial activity, regarding the conduct and control of corruption and generate regulatory changes and their perceptions. However, exist there is still a long way to go to understand and at least minimize these scandals and effectively fight corruption. Here are the 25 most emblematic cases of corruption worldwide; it seems that the actors and accomplices managed to evade justice.
The 25 corruption scandals that shook the world:
- Siemens: corruption made in Germany.
- Drain Nigeria of its assets
- Peru under Fujimori: death squads, embezzlement and good relations
Public. - Kadyrov’s Chechnya: cyclists, boxers, bribes
- Closing the competition in Tunisia
- The missing millions in Ukraine
- Ricardo Martinelli’s spy game in Panama.
- The 1MDB Fund: From Malaysia to Hollywood.
- The Russian laundry (with a little help from Moldova).
- The biggest corruption scandal in Spain: Gürtel.
- The currencies of corruption of Venezuela.
- The Panama. Papers.
- Maldives: a lost paradise.
- Teodorín Obiang’s #Luxury Livingen Equatorial Guinea.
- How the Gupta Family Captured South Africa Through Bribery
- Lebanon’s garbage: the stench of corruption.
- The parallel universe of FIFA football.
- Myanmar’s dirty jade business.
- The fight against impunity in Guatemala.
- Turkey’s “gas for gold” plan.
- The Azerbaijani laundry.
- Paradise Papers: where the rich and powerful hide their money.
- Operation Lava Jato: clean cars, dirty money.
- The Troika laundry.
- Andrej Babiš’s conflict of interest in the Czech Republic.
These cases detected worldwide for their high notoriety, especially because, in addition to the incredible amounts of illegal money, they also allow a glimpse of the countless number of people, families, societies, groups, organizations, governments, nations, countries, formal or informal. , which are in the minimum or total contamination by the NIC from the most imperceptible to total corruption, where all totally negative behaviors are interwoven and dominated. Impossible to imagine its existence and description.
Conclusions.
It seems to be human beings simultaneously possess differentiated weight and preferences to generate non-repeatable or replicable individualities, original, unique; IC or NIC and granting unique contributions and modifications to the face of the planet since we appeared on the planet: its oceans, seas, sea beds, lakes, rivers, mountain ranges, mountains, hills, deserts, plains, valleys, caverns, caves, subsoil richness, atmosphere, satellite, outer space, contiguous planets, we´ve visited, explored and everything that it has been possible, exploited and plundered to its exhaustion; and the animal species until their existence, to generate illicit wealth, differentiation of human races, with various classifications, typifications, supported by philosophies, logics, ecologies, religions, that justify the processes, practices, procedures, instruments, tools, weapons, to impose dominations and domains, against all wills and without any justification, total, pure power, only personal interests owns and against all resistance.
The NIC and IC coexists intertwined in human nature, which allows to infer that its facts, processes ( Link, and Cui. 2019) and results enjoy the same probability, on one side the IC, create art, science and technology; on the other hand, the NIC to generate teasing, deceptions, destruction, evil; the most representative components are: corruption, predation, drug addiction, rape, impunity, slavery, theft, discrimination, exploitation, possession of black money (illicit); destructive, perverse acts that cultivate evil and annihilate human dignity to the point of transforming it into cynicism; surrendering, worship to the evil, to the annihilation of the nature that surrounds him, denigrating himself; carrying out deceptive, dazzling processes in order to infect, recruit human beings with weak or doubtful IC and transform them into humans with NIC.
It seems that NIC is increasing taking advantage of the growth of world population, internationalization, globalization, hierarchies, social and economic generated within the networks of agreements; commitments, facilities, legal loopholes, civic values, economies negotiating that generated by increase of unwritten laws and rules; tacit obligations, and knowhow Implied that do not accept violations or explanations or reasoning, simply, “it is your commitment”. . .
Limitations
It is very likely that the typifications, classifications, hierarchies, identifications of the IC and NIC of humans, individual and collective, are conflicting, by virtue that the nature of IC, processes and results them, they are perceptible by abstractions and mental reasoning. Consequently, the field of study that we visualize in these approaches is amorphous, conceptual, ethereal immeasurable and belonging to a large cloud composed of minor clouds and little clouds.
Future research.
Approaches to IC and NIC with a morphological approach allow visualizing the possibilities of continuing to explore both fields of study with metatheories or conceptual theories, conventional or casuistic methods, evaluative procedures and instruments, that is, with regard to the components of the IC as natural intelligences and genetic memories. What is related to the components of positive IC generated by humans, such as the enrichment of knowledge, are achieved through scientific, technological and artistic developments,
Not so the increases in the NIC and its components: corruption, predation, drug addiction, rape, impunity, slavery, theft, discrimination, exploitation, accumulation of money, illegal (black money), which begin with faint stains of deterioration, which gradually become Corrosion, of physical or subjective human dignity, generating unhealthy, contagious, dangerous tastes and preferences, capable of infecting human beings with imperceptible weaknesses, but conducive to contagion, degradation and perversion, to become NIC physically or subjectively. Including the decisions, consequences and effects, generally harmful, of wars, they can be studied with conceptual theories, conventional or casuistic methods, procedures and instruments rationales, operativizeable, computational; multicriteria, multivariate, multidimensional, qualitative and quantitative.
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Edmundo Resenos 